理论模拟指导宽温域大回复超弹合金设计的研究进展

Theoretical Simulation-Guided Design of Wide-Temperature and Large-Recoveriable Shape Memory Alloys：Research Progress

摘要:

中国未来的太空探测计划聚焦于月球永久阴影区探测、小行星及火星的采样返回任务、木星系和行星际穿越探测，以及太阳系边际探测等多项深空任务。这些宏大的探索活动旨在拓展中国在深空探测方面的能力，实现重大的科学突破，并显著提升国家的航天技术。深空探测任务的日趋复杂对宽温域大变形超弹性材料提出了更高的要求。综述了过去十几年来点缺陷与马氏体相变动力学的交互作用机制及其对宽温域超弹性影响规律方面的相关研究，着重介绍了计算机模拟技术在微观尺度上理解马氏体相变的形核长大动力学规律中发挥的重要作用。充分利用计算机模拟手段，结合日趋强大的人工智能技术，不仅有助于深入理解材料性能变化的机制，还将推动新材料的设计，从而为中国的深空探测事业提供更强大的支持。

Abstract:

China’s future space exploration plans focus on a series of deep-space missions， including exploration of the Moon’s regions shadowed permanently， sample return missions from asteroids and Mars，exploration of the Jupiter system and interstellar traversal，as well as exploration at the edge of the solar system. These ambitious exploratory activities aim to expand China’s capabilities in deep-space exploration， achieve significant scientific breakthroughs， and substantially enhance the country’s space technology. The increasing complexity of deep-space missions demands high-performance materials capable of enduring wide temperature ranges and significant deformation，especially those exhibiting super-elastic behavior. This article provides an overview of researches conducted over the past decade on the interaction mechanisms between point defects and martensitic phase transformation dynamics，as well as their impact on the behavior of wide-temperature-range super-elastic materials. It attaches particular emphasis on the significant role played by computational simulation techniques in understanding the dynamics of nucleation and growth of martensitic phase transition at the microscale. Leveraging computational simulation tools in conjunction with the growing power of artificial intelligence not only aids in a deeper understanding of the mechanisms behind changes in material properties，but also drives the design of new materials，thereby providing stronger support for China’s deep-space exploration endeavors.